International Classification of Infectious Diseases

International Classification of Infectious Diseases

By in Default, Disease Encyclopedia

Internationally, infectious diseases are primarily categorized into four classification systems, each based on different dimensions and criteria:

‌1. Classification by Pathogen Type (Common Global Standard)‌

  1. ‌Bacterial Infections‌
    Examples: Plague, Cholerae, Typhoid. Treated primarily with antibiotics.
  2. ‌Viral Infections‌
    Examples: Influenza, HIV/AIDS, COVID-19. Managed through antivirals and vaccines.
  3. ‌Parasitic Infections‌
    Examples: Malaria, Schistosomiasis, Ascariasis. Transmitted via hosts or vectors.
  4. ‌Fungal Infections‌
    Examples: Candidiasis, Dermatophytosis. Often affect immunocompromised individuals.
  5. ‌Other Pathogens‌
    Examples: Rickettsial diseases (e.g., Typhus), Spirochetal diseases (e.g., Syphilis).

‌2. Classification by Transmission Route (Common in Prevention Practices)‌

  1. ‌Respiratory Transmission‌
    Examples: Influenza, Tuberculosis, Measles (via droplets or aerosols).
  2. ‌Gastrointestinal Transmission‌
    Examples: Cholerae, Hepatitis A, Infectious Diarrhea (via contaminated food/water).
  3. ‌Blood/Body Fluid Transmission‌
    Examples: HIV, Hepatitis B/C (via blood transfusions, sexual contact, or母婴传播).
  4. ‌Vector/Animal Transmission‌
    Examples: Malaria (mosquito-borne), Rabies (animal bites), Dengue (mosquito-borne).

‌3. Classification by Clinical Progression‌

  1. ‌Acute Infections‌
    Short-term with severe symptoms (e.g., Influenza, Bacterial Dysentery).
  2. ‌Chronic Infections‌
    Long-term and latent (e.g., Tuberculosis, Hepatitis B).

‌4. Classification by Control Strategies (Global Public Health Management)‌

  1. ‌Surveillance-Priority Diseases‌
    Examples: Influenza, Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease (require ongoing monitoring).
  2. ‌High-Mortality/High-Transmission Diseases‌
    Examples: Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever, Pulmonary Anthrax (require emergency containment).

‌Additional Notes‌

  • ‌Dynamic Adjustments‌: Organizations like the WHO update classifications for emerging diseases (e.g., COVID-19, Mpox).
  • ‌Regional Variations‌: Diseases like malaria are endemic in tropical regions, while respiratory infections spread globally.

Formatting and examples align with international public health standards.

Leave a Reply