1. Compatible Solvents
A. Drugs Unsuitable with Sodium Chloride Injection (0.9% NaCl)
- Cyclophosphamide
- Cisplatin
- Amphotericin B
- Erythromycin
- Pancuronium Bromide
- Fleroxacin
B. Drugs Unsuitable with Glucose Injection (5% or 10% Dextrose)
- Penicillins (e.g., Ampicillin)
- Cephalosporins (e.g., Ceftriaxone)
- Phenytoin Sodium
- Acyclovir
- Reteplase
- Etoposide
- Teniposide
- Nedaplatin
2. Infusion Rate Considerations
- Vancomycin: Rapid infusion (>500 mg/h) risks Red Man Syndrome (flushing, hypotension). Infuse over ≥2 hours.
- Amphotericin B: Rapid infusion may cause ventricular fibrillation/cardiac arrest. Infuse over ≥6 hours.
- Vitamin K: Rapid IV injection can trigger facial flushing, diaphoresis, chest tightness, hypotension, or collapse. Prefer intramuscular (IM) administration.
Light-Sensitive Drugs Requiring Protected Infusion:
- Aminosalicylate Sodium
- Nitroprusside Sodium
- Dactinomycin
- Vincristine
- Nimodipine
- Fluoroquinolones: Levofloxacin, Pefloxacin, Moxifloxacin
3. Dilution Volume and Compatibility
A. Potassium Chloride (KCl) Injection
- Never administer undiluted—risk of cardiac arrest.
- IV concentration limits:
- General use: ≤0.3% (20–40 mEq/L).
- Severe hypokalemia/arrhythmia: 0.6–0.7% (40–60 mEq/L) with ECG monitoring.
B. Ceftriaxone Sodium Compatibility
- Avoid mixing with calcium-containing solutions (e.g., Calcium Gluconate, Ringer’s Lactate, TPN with calcium) due to particulate formation.
Key Recommendations:
- Solvent selection: Verify compatibility to avoid precipitation or inactivation.
- Infusion rate: Adhere to guidelines to minimize adverse reactions.
- Dilution: Follow concentration limits and compatibility tables strictly.
Always consult institutional protocols or a pharmacist for drug-specific administration guidance.
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