Health Education for Uremia Patients

Objectives of Health Education

Uremia, the end-stage clinical syndrome of chronic kidney failure, requires systematic education to:

• Enhance understanding of disease progression and treatment options.
• Modify behaviors: Eliminate risk factors (e.g., poor diet) to prevent complications.
• Improve self-care: Empower patients to manage daily life and adhere to therapies.

Educational Methods

1. Verbal Instruction:
   • Nurses provide face-to-face guidance on hospitalization procedures, disease basics, and treatment plans.
2. Written Materials:
   • Distribute manuals to reinforce knowledge, especially for chronic management.

Key Educational Content

1. Personalized Patient Orientation

• For vulnerable groups (elderly/rural patients): Repeat explanations patiently to ease anxiety.
• Environment familiarization: Introduce medical staff, ward facilities, and routines.

2. Disease-Specific Guidance

• Dietary Management:
  • Dialysis patients: High-quality protein (egg whites, lean fish), low phosphorus/potassium.
  • Fluid control: Monitor daily weight (↑1kg = excess intake); restrict water if urine output <500ml.
  • Avoid: Bananas (high potassium), processed foods (high sodium), starfruit (neurotoxic).
• Lifestyle Adjustments:
  • Rest adequately; avoid infections; maintain hygiene; quit smoking/alcohol.
  • Stabilize emotions to prevent stress-induced exacerbations.

3. Medication & Treatment Literacy

• Drug awareness: Teach names/uses of diuretics, antihypertensives, and renal protectants.
• Dialysis prep: Pre/post-procedure precautions (e.g., vascular access care).

4. Post-Discharge Follow-Up

• Schedule regular check-ups; prohibit self-medication.
• Provide contact for nurse consultations and tele-follow-ups.