The Five Stages of Diabetic Nephropathy Leading to Uremia

The Five Stages of Diabetic Nephropathy Leading to Uremia
Author: China Medical Network, Published: December 21, 2020, 10:08, Views: 183

Diabetes is no longer just an elderly disease; increasingly, younger people are developing it due to unhealthy lifestyles. Severe diabetes can lead to numerous complications, with diabetic nephropathy being one of the most common. How do we categorize the progression of diabetic nephropathy?

Stage 1 of Diabetic Nephropathy
At this stage, patients show no obvious symptoms, but a glomerular filtration rate test reveals a significantly elevated value.

Stage 2 of Diabetic Nephropathy
Symptoms remain subtle. During rest, the urinary protein excretion rate is normal, below 20 micrograms per minute. However, under stress, such as exercise, the rate increases, indicating early kidney dysfunction.

Stage 3 of Diabetic Nephropathy
Known as early diabetic nephropathy, this stage marks the onset of noticeable abnormalities. Urinalysis detects microalbuminuria, with a protein excretion rate consistently between 20–200 micrograms per minute, though routine urine tests may still be negative. Blood pressure begins to rise, and the condition becomes irreversible.

Stage 4 of Diabetic Nephropathy
This is the clinical nephropathy stage, characterized by significant proteinuria, with daily protein loss exceeding 3.5 grams, leading to nutrient depletion. Routine urine tests show positive results, and patients notice persistent foamy urine that lingers. High blood pressure and widespread edema also emerge.

Stage 5 of Diabetic Nephropathy
The most severe stage, known as end-stage renal disease or uremia, presents with pronounced symptoms like anemia, malnutrition, high blood pressure, and edema.

The stages of diabetic nephropathy have been clearly outlined above. At its most severe, the condition progresses to kidney failure, or uremia, posing a life-threatening risk. Diabetic patients must take this seriously and prioritize early intervention.

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